Backed by a resizable array. Ideal for frequent retrieval operations (
Stores the address of the JVM instruction currently being executed.
Integral values are treated as int by default, while floating-point values are treated as double . Use suffixes like L or f to override this behavior.
Multithreading is an essential feature for building high-performance, concurrent applications in Java. Thread Creation Threads can be defined in two ways: Extending the Thread class. core java complete notes by durga sir top
Hiding data behind methods (Data Hiding + Abstraction). Achieve this using private variables and public getter/setter methods.
[New] ──> [Runnable] ──> [Running] ──> [Blocked/Waiting] ──> [Dead] 3. Synchronization
The notes are often accompanied by Durga Sir’s YouTube lectures. Watching the videos while reading the notes provides maximum retention. Backed by a resizable array
His diagrams of the JVM architecture (Class Loader, Runtime Data Areas, Execution Engine) are unmatched. If you want to understand StackOverflowError vs OutOfMemoryError , these notes are gold.
Are you using these notes to prepare for an , a university exam , or a personal project ?
Checked exceptions are verified by the compiler (e.g., IOException ). Unchecked exceptions occur at runtime (e.g., NullPointerException ). Use suffixes like L or f to override this behavior
Multiple methods in the same class share the same name but have different parameter lists.
Aim for Loose Coupling (low dependency between modules) and High Cohesion (clear, single-focused responsibility per class). 4. Exception Handling
